Relevance Of Al Mawardi's Reflection In The Development Of Islamic Economic Activities

Dwi Astuti Wahyu Nurhayati, 197602222009012003 and NOVI TRI OKTAVIA, 12209183054 (2022) Relevance Of Al Mawardi's Reflection In The Development Of Islamic Economic Activities. Journal of Nusantara Economy, 1 (1). pp. 48-58. ISSN 2985-8259

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Abstract

This paper discusses the development of Islamic economics by al-Mawardi. Abu al-Hasan Ali bin Muhammad bin Habib al-Mawardi al-Basri, commonly known as al-Mawardi, is one of the leading Islamic economic thinkers, born in Basrah, Iraq, in 364 Hijriyah (974 AD). This research is historical research that considers past events based on a survey of materials that contain information about the past, and the research method used by researchers is library research. Sources of data obtained by researchers are from the book of al-Ahkãm al-Sulthãniyyah and books and journals, and other materials related to al-Mawardi's Islamic economic thought. This study's results indicate that one of al-Mawardi's most representative scientific works reflects his thoughts on Islamic Economics. The subject matter that is carried out by al-Mawardi in this work is the problem of state finances, especially the problem of sources of state revenue and spending. Al-Mawardi's economic thinking, namely: (1) State and Economic Activity, (2) Land Tax Regulations, and (3) Bayt al-Mãl. Al-Mawardi argues that the state has a duty that must be carried out to provide the welfare of all people by carrying out economic development to meet the needs of every citizen, so it cannot be denied that the state requires a source of funding or a revenue budget to carry out its obligations. al-Mawardi provides a perspective regarding several alternatives that can be used as state revenue, including zakat, ghanìmah, kharãj, jizyah, and ùsyùr. al-Mawardi said that if the sources of state revenue are still insufficient to meet the needs of the state revenue budget or there is a budget deficit; then the state is permitted to issue policies in the form of new taxes or make public loans.

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