Politeness Maxim Used in the Novel “Hamster”

Fita, Maya NFS., (2014) Politeness Maxim Used in the Novel “Hamster”. [ Skripsi ]

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Abstract

Key words: Politeness, Pragmatics, Novel Politeness needs to learn because in daily communication sometimes people need to express what they want to express to other without hurting the others feeling. By using politeness maxim people can express what they want to express to other, and the problem will reduce. Geoffrey Leech divides politeness into six maxims (tact maxim, generosity maxim, approbation maxim, modesty maxim, agreement maxim, sympathy maxim) with the purpose is keeping a good social relationship between speaker and listener. The research problem focuses on the conversation between the characters in the Hamster novel while the specific research problem are (1) What politeness maxims are performed in conversation between the characters in the novel “Hamster”?; (2) What are the linguistics features in politeness maxims performed in the novel “Hamster”? The general objectives of this study is to describe the politeness maxim in the conversation, while the specific objectives are (1) To find out politeness maxim performed in conversation between the characters in the novel “Hamster”; (2) To find out the linguistics features in politeness maxims performed in the novel “Hamster”. The research design of this study is qualitative research. The data collecting method is documentation method. Data and the data sources of this research are the utterances in the conversation between the characters in the Hamster novel written by Daniel Derret. In analyzing the data, the researcher used the way in analyzing data based on Yin’s theory, it was divided into 5 steps, they are: (1) compiling, (2) disassembling, (3) reassembling, (4) interpreting and (5) concluding. The result showed that; (1) the characters in the Hamster novel used six politeness maxims in their conversations. They are tact maxim, generosity maxim, approbation maxim, modesty maxim, agreement maxim, and sympathy maxim. The researcher found 43 utterances that obey politeness maxim they are 10 utterances of tact maxim, 10 utterances of generosity maxim, 8 utterances of approbation maxim, 5 utterances of modesty maxim, 6 utterances of agreement maxim and 4 utterances of sympathy maxim; (2) there are some language features of politeness maxim. They were: (a) tact maxim covered polite request, asking permission politely, refusing politely, invitation and modal to soften the utterance, for example “do you mind if you close my door?”; (b) generosity maxim included offering and the use of modal, such as would you like a cup of tea?” ; (c) Approbation maxim used intensifier and adjective such as “very strong man, exelent etc.”; (d) modesty maxim contain litotes, here the characters underestimate themselves just like Filip’s utterance when he talk with their friends “Filip was not a good man”; (e) agreement maxim used contrary form or contrast expressions it was indicated by the used of the word “but”; (f) sympathy maxim used sorrowful or unhappiness expressions just like “I’m sorry to hear that”.

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