CRITICISMS IN NETIZENS' COMMENTS ON THE 2024 INDONESIAN PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION CAMPAIGN

MULYA YUFIKA KHOIROINI, 1880510220016 (2024) CRITICISMS IN NETIZENS' COMMENTS ON THE 2024 INDONESIAN PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION CAMPAIGN. [ Thesis ]

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Abstract

As a means of communication and a part of culture, language has an important role in human's life. Therefore, it reflects speaker’s behaviour. One of the way of communications that has an important role is criticism. Based on Cambridge Dictionary, criticism is an opinion given about something or someone, especially a negative opinion, or the activity of making such judgement, Criticism is also a careful discussion of something in order to judge its quality or explain its meaning. Since this act of giving opinion or judgement of good or bad qualities about something can be analysed the politeness contains within. In this research, the researcher looks forward about criticisms done by Netizens on the 2024 Indonesian Presidential Election Campaign. Politeness is something that represents moral and value of individual, whether from the way they behave or speak. Politeness is not only used for direct utterances, but indirect utterances as well, people could give comments without facing the addressee directly. This study was conducted by the politeness theory proposed by Brown and Levinson, that is widely recognized and remains relevant as universal theory of politeness. Brown and Levinson introduce five main politeness strategies (1) Bald on Record, (2) Positive Politeness, (3) Negative Politeness, (4) Off Record, and (5) Don’t Do the FTA. In addition, the theory of type of sentences by Greenbaum is also used in this study. The research questions of this research are: 1) How is criticizing acts formally realized in Netizens' comments on the 2024 Indonesian presidential election campaign? 2) What politeness strategies are used in criticisms conveyed in Netizens’ comments to criticize the 2024 Indonesian presidential election campaign? 3) Why particular strategies are mostly used in criticisms conveyed by Netizens’ to criticize the 2024 Indonesian presidential election campaign? This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach since the data appeared in written sentences. The data of this research were the critical comments conveyed by Netizens on a social media platform named X (formerly called Twitter). The data were written by Indonesian netizens which mostly written in Indonesian Language. The researcher obtained the data by looking for news updates on social media platforms between 12th December 2023 to 14th February 2024. The result of this study, in the criticism by Netizens on the 2024 Presidential Election Campaign, there are found the criticism acts formally realized in declarative sentence, interrogative sentence, imperative sentence, and combination of sentences: declarative and interrogative sentence, and declarative and imperative sentence. The researcher also found positive politeness and negative politeness in the criticism performed by Netizens. Positive politeness strategies used in the criticism act by Netizens are strategy 1 (notice, attend to H), strategy 2 (exaggerate), strategy 7 (presuppose/raise/assert common ground), and strategy 9 (assert or presuppose S’s knowledge of and concern for H’s wants), whereupon the negative politeness strategies used are strategy 2 (question, hedge), strategy 5 (give deference), strategy 6 (apologize), strategy 7 (impersonalize S and H), and strategy 8 (state the FTA as a general rule). In addition, the most used politeness strategy used in criticism by Netizens are politeness strategy 7: presuppose/raise/assert common ground and negative politeness strategy 5: give deference. In spite of conveying their criticisms through the Internet instead of in person, Netizens in Indonesia mostly use politeness strategies like presupposing, raising, or asserting common ground to ease any tension or discomfort in communication by emphasizing shared beliefs, values, or experiences, and giving deference, to show respect for the autonomy and freedom of the listener.

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