Analysis of Values Taken from Macapat Affecting Macapat Readers in Paguyuban Macapat Mardilaras.

Muwafiq, Ahmad Zulfahmi (2013) Analysis of Values Taken from Macapat Affecting Macapat Readers in Paguyuban Macapat Mardilaras. [ Skripsi ]

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Abstract

Keywords: values, effects, Macapat Macapat is traditional Javanese Poem. This literary work was most prominently known around 18 century, and is known originated from Java compared to Kakawin, which originated from India. Macapat contains many values including moral values, religious values, social values, etc. The values contained in Macapat are broadly studied. Macapat is widely studied by both local researchers and abroad researchers. They also try to relate the values in Macapat to the reality. For example, local researchers trying to relate the relevance values in Macapat to the modern era. In fact, under the paradigm of structuralism, all the descriptions focus to the values contained by Macapat, but neglect the function of the values to the readers. Hence, under the same study to the values, it is necessary to investigate the function of the values to readers based on pragmatic approach of literature. This study was conducted to the members of Paguyuban Macapat Mardilras. The members of Paguyuban Macapat Mardilaras were taken as the subjects, for the members take account to the contents of Macapat, and is still keeping custom of reading Macapat known as Pakem Macapat. The research problems of the study were: 1) what are the values taken from Macapat read by members of Paguyuban Macapat Mardilaras? And 2), to what extent do the values taken from Macapat read by the members of Paguyuban Macapat Mardilaras affect the members. Therefore this study is to uncover: 1) the values taken from Macapat read by members of Paguyuban Macapat Mardilaras, and 2) the extent of the value taken from Macapat affecting the readers of Macapat who are the members of Paguyuban Macapat Mardilaras. The research method applied in this research included: 1) descriptive qualitative research with qualitative research approach as the design of the research, 2) interview, observation, and documentation as method of collecting data, 3) the selected members of Paguyuban Macapat Mardilaras as the subject of study, 4) interview guide, field note, and document as instruments for collecting data, 5) interactive data analysis as data analysis method, 6) technique triangulation and evidence based corroboration as technique data verification. This study found that generally the readers have taken various values in Macapat covering sacred value, aesthetic values, philosophical value, and religious value. The sacred values are taken by the members due to the sacredness of Macapat seen as Japa Mantra and prophecy. The aesthetic value taken by the readers is concerned with the beautifulness ofMacapat when it is read in a Macapat vii reading performance. The philosophical value in Macapat is taken from the philosophy of Pasemon Tembang Macapat illustrating the human life cycle. And, the religious value in Macapat is taken from the concept of the origin and the direction. Also, the values effecting the readers are categorized into three categories based on the effect of a literary work including prosede or to give delight, delectare or to give teaching, and movere or to move. In term of giving delight, Macapat reading performance gives delight to both the readers and audiences. In the term of giving understanding, Macapat teaches the readers philosophical value in Macapat, sacred value in Jangka, and religious value in the concept of the origin and the direction. In term of evoking the readers to have a move, the sacred value evokes the readers practicing particular Javanism rituals. Also, it evokes the readers transmitting understanding. Moreover, spiritual value in Macapat also evokes the readers transmitting the concept of the origin and the direction and Islamic doctrines.

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