Reconstructing Islamic Legal Epistemology: The Performative Logic of Ijtihād Irshādī in the Lajnah Bahtsul Masā’il of Pesantren Lirboyo

MUHAMMAD IBTIHAJUDDIN, 1890502220003 and Iffatin Nur, 197301111999032001 and Ahmad Muhtadi Anshor, 197007202000031001 and Asmawi, 197509032003121004 and Rifa'atul Mahmudah, - (2025) Reconstructing Islamic Legal Epistemology: The Performative Logic of Ijtihād Irshādī in the Lajnah Bahtsul Masā’il of Pesantren Lirboyo. Justicia Islamica Jurnal Kajian Hukum dan Sosial, 22 (2). pp. 461-488. ISSN p-ISSN: 1693-5926, e-ISSN: 2502-7646

Text Reconstructing Islamic Legal Epistemology.pdf Download (538kB)

Abstract

This article examines the epistemological and performative construction of Ijtihād irshādi at the Lajnah Bahtsul Masail (LBM) of Pesantren Lirboyo as a paradigm that repositions fatwa not merely as juridical determination, but as ethical discourse shaped through communicative, pedagogical, and socially embedded reasoning. Responding to contemporary socio-religious issues such as domestic violence, interfaith marriage, and digital era household needs, this research argues that Ijtihād irshādi emphasises moral orientation, dialogical clarification, and contextual sensitivity while remaining grounded in maqasid al-shariah and the pesantren tradition. Using a qualitative phenomenological case study combined with Foucauldian archaeological discourse analysis, this study examines LBM documents, in-depth interviews with kiai and senior students, and participant observation in bahtsul masail sessions to map the epistemic formation of irshādi fatwas. The findings demonstrate that Irshadi reasoning works through nonimperative ethical guidance, performative enunciation of authority, and flexible interpretive mechanisms that integrate classical texts with lived realities. The study contributes conceptually by clarifying the epistemic structure of irshādi fatwas, methodologically through the synthesis of phenomenology and archaeological analysis, and practically by showing how pesantren-based jurisprudence can guide Muslims through evolving ethical challenges. Artikel ini mengkaji konstruksi epistemologis dan performatif Ijtihād irshādi pada Lajnah Bahtsul Masail (LBM) Pesantren Lirboyo sebagai paradigma yang menempatkan fatwa bukan sekadar sebagai ketetapan hukum tetapi sebagai wacana etis yang dibentuk melalui komunikasi, pedagogi, dan penalaran kontekstual berbasis pengalaman sosial. Dalam merespons persoalan kontemporer seperti kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, pernikahan beda agama, dan kebutuhan rumah tangga di era digital, ijtihad irshadi menekankan orientasi moral, penjelasan dialogis, dan kepekaan terhadap konteks dengan tetap berpijak pada maqasid al-shariah dan tradisi pesantren. Melalui metode kualitatif studi kasus fenomenologis yang dipadukan dengan analisis arkeologi wacana Foucauldian, penelitian ini menelaah dokumen LBM, wawancara mendalam dengan kiai dan santri senior, serta observasi forum bahtsul masail untuk memetakan formasi epistemik fatwa irshādi. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa fatwa Irshadi bekerja melalui bimbingan etis nonimperatif, performativitas otoritas, dan mekanisme interpretasi yang lentur antara teks klasik dan realitas sosial. Studi ini berkontribusi secara konseptual dengan memperjelas struktur epistemik fatwa irshādi, secara metodologis melalui sintesis fenomenologi dan arkeologi wacana, serta secara praktis dalam menunjukkan bagaimana hukum pesantren dapat membimbing umat menghadapi tantangan etis masa kini.

Actions (login required)

View Item