DIRECTIVE ACTS FOUND IN ENGLISH TEACHERS’ TALK IN CLASSROOM INTERACTION

NIA KURNIATI, 2813133084 (2017) DIRECTIVE ACTS FOUND IN ENGLISH TEACHERS’ TALK IN CLASSROOM INTERACTION. [ Skripsi ]

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Kurniati, Nia. Registered Number Student. 2813133084. 2017. Directive Acts Found in English Teachers’ Talk in Classroom Interaction. Sarjana Thesis. English Education Department. Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training. State Islamic Institute (IAIN) of Tuluingagung. Advisor: Dr. Sukarsono, M.Pd. Keywords: Speech acts, Directive acts, Ordering, Requesting, Advising, Suggesting, Form realization, Teacher’s talk. Language is the main key of communication. In using language, people talk differently in different situation with different listeners. However, communication depends not only on recognizing the meaning of word in every utterance but also recognizing what speakers mean by their utterances. Understanding the entire social context in every sentence uttered is needed because every language produced is not as simple as its lexical meaning but also depends on the context. The study of contextual meaning is called pragmatics. This study pragmatically attempts to analyze directive acts; which is that kind of speech acts that speaker uses to get someone else to do something. The main objective of this study is to discover kinds of directive acts used by English teachers’ talk in classroom interaction in a hope that the results of the study would in directly explore the various forms of English teachers’ talk in elementary school and junior high school to express one linguistic function, i.e. directive act. Thus, such a study would be of one valuable authentic teaching description useful for speaking class. The research problems of this study are: 1) in what classifications are the directive acts found in English teachers talk in classroom interaction in Elementary level? 2) In what classifications are the directive acts found in English teacher’s talk in classroom interaction in Junior High School level? 3) How directive acts are formally realized in both levels of education? And 4) how are the comparisons of the frequency of occurrences of directive acts found in both levels of education? The research design of the study is descriptive quantitative which employs pragmatic analysis. It is intended to investigate those four research problems in relation to directive acts. The data are the utterances of teachers’ talk in the classroom and the aim of the research was to describe the factual data analyzed based on the theories of pragmatics which are proposed by several experts. The data are taken from the recorded video of English teachers’ talk in SD Islam Al Azhaar Tulungagung and SMP Islam Al Azhaar Tulungagung along with their contexts derived from the transcribing. This study results in: 1) directive acts found in English teacher’s talk in classroom interaction in Elementary School are 15 utterances containing 11 utterances of ordering that is the speaker’s utterance to hearer to order something and 4 utterances of requesting that is the speaker’s utterance to hearer to do something. 2) Directive acts found in English teachers’ talk in classroom interaction in Junior High School are 34 utterances containing 22 utterances of ordering that is the speaker’s utterance to hearer to order something and 12 utterances of requesting that is the speaker’s utterance to hearer to do something. 3) Directive acts formally of realized in Elementary school are 8 sentences of head act only with form imperative sentence. The speaker used 5 sentences of alerter + head act with form 2 imperative sentences, 2 declarative sentences and 1 interrogative sentence. Then, the speaker used 2 sentences of alerter + head act + supportive move with form 1 imperative sentence and 1 declarative sentence. And directive acts formally realized in Junior High School are 5 sentences of head act only with form imperative sentence. Then, 5 sentences of head act + supportive move with form imperative sentences. Furthermore, the speaker used 19 sentences of alerter + head act with form 14 imperative sentences and 5 declarative sentences. The speaker also used 5 sentences of alerter + head act + supportive move with form of 1 imperative sentence, 3 declarative sentences and 1 interrogative sentence. 4) The comparison of directive acts found in both levels of education are 73.3% for ordering utterances and 26,7% for requesting utterances of English teacher’s talk in Elementary school and 64.7% for ordering utterances and 35,3% for requesting utterances of English teachers’ talk in Junior High School. Based on the results of the study, the writer wants to give suggestion for the future researchers. The next researcher can conduct the research with the same topic but in different subjects. The next researcher can use the English teachers’ talk in different levels, from senior high school until university.

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